Vue Diff 更新流程

  // packages/runtime-core/src/renderer.ts
  // can be all-keyed or mixed
  const patchKeyedChildren = (
    c1: VNode[],
    c2: VNodeArrayChildren,
    container: RendererElement,
    parentAnchor: RendererNode | null,
    parentComponent: ComponentInternalInstance | null,
    parentSuspense: SuspenseBoundary | null,
    isSVG: boolean,
    slotScopeIds: string[] | null,
    optimized: boolean
  ) => {
    let i = 0
    const l2 = c2.length
    let e1 = c1.length - 1 // 旧序列尾部索引
    let e2 = l2 - 1 // 新序列尾部索引

    // 头部对齐
    // 如果类型不同或者索引 i 大于索引 e1 或者 e2，则同步过程结束。
    // 1. sync from start
    // (a b) c
    // (a b) d e
    while (i <= e1 && i <= e2) {
      const n1 = c1[i]
      const n2 = (c2[i] = optimized
        ? cloneIfMounted(c2[i] as VNode)
        : normalizeVNode(c2[i]))
      if (isSameVNodeType(n1, n2)) {
        patch(
          n1,
          n2,
          container,
          null,
          parentComponent,
          parentSuspense,
          isSVG,
          slotScopeIds,
          optimized
        )
      } else {
        break
      }
      i++
    }
    // 头部对齐结束，此时 i 为不同类型节点的下标 

    // 尾部对齐
    // e1、e2 循环递减
    // 如果不同或者索引 i 大于索引 e1 或者 e2，则同步过程结束。
    // 2. sync from end
    // a (b c)
    // d e (b c)
    while (i <= e1 && i <= e2) {
      const n1 = c1[e1]
      const n2 = (c2[e2] = optimized
        ? cloneIfMounted(c2[e2] as VNode)
        : normalizeVNode(c2[e2]))
      if (isSameVNodeType(n1, n2)) {
        patch(
          n1,
          n2,
          container,
          null,
          parentComponent,
          parentSuspense,
          isSVG,
          slotScopeIds,
          optimized
        )
      } else {
        break
      }
      e1--
      e2--
    }

    // i > e1，i <= e2 说明旧序列已经闭合（全部对齐更新完成），只剩新序列存在新节点
    // 新增新节点
    // 3. common sequence + mount
    // (a b)
    // (a b) c
    // i = 2, e1 = 1, e2 = 2
    // (a b)
    // c (a b)
    // i = 0, e1 = -1, e2 = 0
    if (i > e1) {
      if (i <= e2) {
        const nextPos = e2 + 1
        const anchor = nextPos < l2 ? (c2[nextPos] as VNode).el : parentAnchor
        while (i <= e2) {
          patch(
            null,
            (c2[i] = optimized
              ? cloneIfMounted(c2[i] as VNode)
              : normalizeVNode(c2[i])),
            container,
            anchor,
            parentComponent,
            parentSuspense,
            isSVG,
            slotScopeIds,
            optimized
          )
          i++
        }
      }
    }

    // i > e2，i <= e1 说明新序列已经闭合（全部对齐更新完成），只剩旧序列存在旧节点
    // 删除旧节点
    // 4. common sequence + unmount
    // (a b) c
    // (a b)
    // i = 2, e1 = 2, e2 = 1
    // a (b c)
    // (b c)
    // i = 0, e1 = 0, e2 = -1
    else if (i > e2) {
      while (i <= e1) {
        unmount(c1[i], parentComponent, parentSuspense, true)
        i++
      }
    }

    // 5. unknown sequence
    // 新旧序列存在未知子序列
    // [i ... e1 + 1]: a b [c d e] f g
    // [i ... e2 + 1]: a b [e d c h] f g
    // i = 2, e1 = 4, e2 = 5
    else {
      const s1 = i // prev starting index
      const s2 = i // next starting index

      // 5.1 build key:index map for newChildren
      // 建立新序列节点索引，方便遍历旧序列式，直接查找新序列，时间换空间
      const keyToNewIndexMap: Map<string | number | symbol, number> = new Map()
      for (i = s2; i <= e2; i++) {
        const nextChild = (c2[i] = optimized
          ? cloneIfMounted(c2[i] as VNode)
          : normalizeVNode(c2[i]))
        if (nextChild.key != null) {
          if (__DEV__ && keyToNewIndexMap.has(nextChild.key)) {
            warn(
              `Duplicate keys found during update:`,
              JSON.stringify(nextChild.key),
              `Make sure keys are unique.`
            )
          }
          keyToNewIndexMap.set(nextChild.key, i)
        }
      }

      // 5.2 loop through old children left to be patched and try to patch
      // matching nodes & remove nodes that are no longer present
      // 遍历旧序列，删除不存在新序列的节点
      let j
      let patched = 0 // 已经处理节点的数量
      const toBePatched = e2 - s2 + 1 // 待处理节点的数量
      let moved = false // 标记节点序列是否移动
      // used to track whether any node has moved
      let maxNewIndexSoFar = 0 // 始终存储的是上次求值的 newIndex
      // works as Map<newIndex, oldIndex>
      // Note that oldIndex is offset by +1
      // and oldIndex = 0 is a special value indicating the new node has
      // no corresponding old node.
      // used for determining longest stable subsequence
      // 存储新子序列中的元素在原旧子序列节点的索引，用于确定最长递增子序列
      // 0 是特殊🈯️，表示新增节点，故节点索引 + 1
      const newIndexToOldIndexMap = new Array(toBePatched)
      for (i = 0; i < toBePatched; i++) newIndexToOldIndexMap[i] = 0

      // 遍历旧序列，进行删除和更新
      for (i = s1; i <= e1; i++) {
        const prevChild = c1[i]
        // 所有新的节点都已经被处理完了，那么剩余的旧节点则统统删除
        if (patched >= toBePatched) {
          // all new children have been patched so this can only be a removal
          unmount(prevChild, parentComponent, parentSuspense, true)
          continue
        }
        let newIndex // 记录节点在新序列中的位置
        if (prevChild.key != null) {
          newIndex = keyToNewIndexMap.get(prevChild.key)
        } else {
          // key-less node, try to locate a key-less node of the same type
          for (j = s2; j <= e2; j++) {
            if (
              newIndexToOldIndexMap[j - s2] === 0 &&
              isSameVNodeType(prevChild, c2[j] as VNode)
            ) {
              newIndex = j
              break
            }
          }
        }
        
        if (newIndex === undefined) { // 旧节点不存在新序列，直接删除
          unmount(prevChild, parentComponent, parentSuspense, true)
        } else { // 更新旧节点
          newIndexToOldIndexMap[newIndex - s2] = i + 1 // 0 表示新增，故需要 + 1 ，避开占位到 0
          /**
          * 用变量 maxNewIndexSoFar 跟踪判断节点是否移动，maxNewIndexSoFar 始终存储的是上次求值的 newIndex，
          * 一旦本次求值的 newIndex 小于 maxNewIndexSoFar，这说明顺序遍历旧子序列的节点在新子序列中的索引并不是一直递增的，
          * 也就说明存在移动的情况。
          */
          if (newIndex >= maxNewIndexSoFar) {
            maxNewIndexSoFar = newIndex
          } else {
            moved = true
          }
          patch(
            prevChild,
            c2[newIndex] as VNode,
            container,
            null,
            parentComponent,
            parentSuspense,
            isSVG,
            slotScopeIds,
            optimized
          )
          patched++
        }
      }

      // 前面删除更新旧节点，接下来需要对旧节点移动调整位置和新增新节点
      // 5.3 move and mount
      // generate longest stable subsequence only when nodes have moved
      // 序列发生移动，生成最长递增子序列，计算出最少移动元素
      const increasingNewIndexSequence = moved
        ? getSequence(newIndexToOldIndexMap)
        : EMPTY_ARR
      j = increasingNewIndexSequence.length - 1
      // looping backwards so that we can use last patched node as anchor
      // 倒序遍历新序列
      // 为什么倒序，DOM 平台上对插入和移动都是使用 node.insertBefore
      // node.insertBefore 对节点的移动都得使用 anchor
      // 使用倒序，保证了前面的节点是最新处理过的
      for (i = toBePatched - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
        const nextIndex = s2 + i
        const nextChild = c2[nextIndex] as VNode
        const anchor =
          nextIndex + 1 < l2 ? (c2[nextIndex + 1] as VNode).el : parentAnchor
        if (newIndexToOldIndexMap[i] === 0) {
          // mount new
          patch(
            null,
            nextChild,
            container,
            anchor,
            parentComponent,
            parentSuspense,
            isSVG,
            slotScopeIds,
            optimized
          )
        } else if (moved) {
          // move if:
          // There is no stable subsequence (e.g. a reverse)
          // OR current node is not among the stable sequence
          // 跳过在递增子序列里的元素
          if (j < 0 || i !== increasingNewIndexSequence[j]) {
            move(nextChild, container, anchor, MoveType.REORDER)
          } else {
            j--
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }

  const patchUnkeyedChildren = (
    c1: VNode[],
    c2: VNodeArrayChildren,
    container: RendererElement,
    anchor: RendererNode | null,
    parentComponent: ComponentInternalInstance | null,
    parentSuspense: SuspenseBoundary | null,
    isSVG: boolean,
    slotScopeIds: string[] | null,
    optimized: boolean
  ) => {
    c1 = c1 || EMPTY_ARR
    c2 = c2 || EMPTY_ARR
    const oldLength = c1.length
    const newLength = c2.length
    const commonLength = Math.min(oldLength, newLength)
    let i
    // 对比公共长度的子序列
    for (i = 0; i < commonLength; i++) {
      const nextChild = (c2[i] = optimized
        ? cloneIfMounted(c2[i] as VNode)
        : normalizeVNode(c2[i]))
      patch(
        c1[i],
        nextChild,
        container,
        null,
        parentComponent,
        parentSuspense,
        isSVG,
        slotScopeIds,
        optimized
      )
    }
    // 删除多余节点
    if (oldLength > newLength) {
      // remove old
      unmountChildren(
        c1,
        parentComponent,
        parentSuspense,
        true,
        false,
        commonLength
      )
    } else { // 新增多余节点
      // mount new
      mountChildren(
        c2,
        container,
        anchor,
        parentComponent,
        parentSuspense,
        isSVG,
        slotScopeIds,
        optimized,
        commonLength
      )
    }
  }